{"id":5533,"date":"2021-02-16T00:01:50","date_gmt":"2021-02-16T04:01:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/?p=5533"},"modified":"2024-01-01T08:02:45","modified_gmt":"2024-01-01T12:02:45","slug":"whats-the-effect-of-statistics-in-persuasive-writing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/2021\/02\/whats-the-effect-of-statistics-in-persuasive-writing\/","title":{"rendered":"What\u2019s the effect of statistics in persuasive writing?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Reframe the data to improve decision-making<\/h2>\n<p>People in one study rated a disease that kills 1,286 people out of every 10,000 as more dangerous than one that kills 24.14% of the population (Yamagishi, 1997). But in fact, it&#8217;s about half as dangerous.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_25678\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-25678\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"25678\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/2021\/02\/whats-the-effect-of-statistics-in-persuasive-writing\/whats-the-effect-of-statistics-in-persuasive-writing-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/whats-the-effect-of-statistics-in-persuasive-writing.png\" data-orig-size=\"450,300\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"whats-the-effect-of-statistics-in-persuasive-writing\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Visual aids&lt;\/strong&gt; The way you present, or frame, statistics changes the way people \u2014 even experts \u2014 perceive them.[\/caption]&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/whats-the-effect-of-statistics-in-persuasive-writing-300x200.png\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/whats-the-effect-of-statistics-in-persuasive-writing.png\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/whats-the-effect-of-statistics-in-persuasive-writing.png\" alt=\"Effect of statistics in persuasive writing\" title=\"Effect of statistics in persuasive writing\" width=\"450\" height=\"300\" class=\"size-full wp-image-25678 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/whats-the-effect-of-statistics-in-persuasive-writing.png 450w, https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/whats-the-effect-of-statistics-in-persuasive-writing-300x200.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 450px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 450\/300;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"25678\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/2021\/02\/whats-the-effect-of-statistics-in-persuasive-writing\/whats-the-effect-of-statistics-in-persuasive-writing-2\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/whats-the-effect-of-statistics-in-persuasive-writing.png\" data-orig-size=\"450,300\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"whats-the-effect-of-statistics-in-persuasive-writing\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Visual aids&lt;\/strong&gt; The way you present, or frame, statistics changes the way people \u2014 even experts \u2014 perceive them.[\/caption]&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/whats-the-effect-of-statistics-in-persuasive-writing-300x200.png\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/whats-the-effect-of-statistics-in-persuasive-writing.png\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/whats-the-effect-of-statistics-in-persuasive-writing.png\" alt=\"Effect of statistics in persuasive writing\" title=\"Effect of statistics in persuasive writing\" width=\"450\" height=\"300\" class=\"size-full wp-image-25678\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/whats-the-effect-of-statistics-in-persuasive-writing.png 450w, https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/whats-the-effect-of-statistics-in-persuasive-writing-300x200.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><\/noscript><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-25678\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Visual aids<\/strong> The way you present, or frame, statistics changes the way people \u2014 even experts \u2014 perceive them. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shutterstock.com\/image-photo\/oil-pastel-drawing-down-trend-arrow-1175725684\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><em>Image by Bankrx<\/em><\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Why? The way you present, or frame, the information changes the way people \u2014 even experts \u2014 perceive it.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIf you tell someone that something will happen to one out of 10 people, they think, \u2018Well, who\u2019s the one?\u2019\u201d Paul Slovic, a University of Oregon psychologist, told <em>Money.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Trying to help readers make a complex decision? Reframe the data so people can more easily see its meaning. Here&#8217;s how:<\/p>\n<h3>1. Choose frequencies, not probabilities.<\/h3>\n<p>People process frequencies (2 out of 100) better than percentages (2%) (Kaplan, 1986). Frequencies are effective because they:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Demonstrate the importance of data<\/strong>. People weigh frequencies as more important than percentages when making decisions (Lipkus, Samsa and Rimer, 2001).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Help people make better choices<\/strong>. In one study, faculty members and students at the Harvard Medical School made much better decisions when they received information about diseases and symptoms in the form of frequencies instead of probabilities (Huffrage, Lindsey, Hertwig and Gigerenzer, 2000).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Help even experts see the situation more clearly<\/strong>. Forensic psychiatrists and psychologists judged a patient&#8217;s risk of being violent as much greater when it was communicated as a frequency instead of a probability (Slivic, Monahan and MacGregor, 2000).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>2. Frame as a loss (or gain).<\/h3>\n<p>Give readers new ways to think about information by highlighting the potential gain or loss. You can frame your data as:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Mortality vs. survival rates<\/strong>. The effect of dying seems to be greater when it is framed as a mortality rate of 10% than when it is framed as a survival rate of 90%. And both patients and doctors found surgery less attractive than radiation therapy when risk information was presented in terms of mortality rather than survival, despite surgery having better long-term prospects (McNeil, Pauker and Sox, 1986).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Risk vs. reward<\/strong>. Consumers understood information much better, valued it more and gave it more weight in decision-making when it was framed as a loss or risk than as a reward. So &#8220;protect yourself from problems in health plans&#8221; is more effective than &#8220;get the best quality&#8221; (Hibbard, Harris-Kojetin, Mullen, Lubalin and Garfinkel, 2000).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Loss vs. gain<\/strong>. In six out of seven studies, framing information as a loss was more effective than as a gain in communicating prevention, detection and treatment (Edwards, Elwyn, Covey, Matthews and Pill, 2001).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Consider the message within the frame<\/strong>. Framing your message as a loss is more effective when promoting screening. Framing it as a gain is more effective when promoting prevention (Rothman, Martino, Bedell, Detweiler and Salovey, 1999).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>3. Generalize a little.<\/h3>\n<p>In order to be as &#8220;correct&#8221; as possible, communicators often include too much information \u2014 six decimal points of precision, for instance, or data about confidence intervals.<\/p>\n<p>But that actually makes important details harder to suss out. As a result, people weigh this information lower when making a decision (Hsee, 1996). So, for instance, offer an average point estimate (a score of 8) instead of a more correct one (7 to 9).<\/p>\n<h3>But don&#8217;t pile on the data.<\/h3>\n<p>To help people make better decisions, reframe the data \u2014 don&#8217;t just offer more data.<br \/>\n___<\/p>\n<p>Source: Judith H. Hibbard and Ellen Peters, &#8220;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/12428034\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Supporting Informed Consumer Health Care Decisions: Data Presentation Approaches that Facilitate the Use of Information in Choice<\/a>,&#8221; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.annualreviews.org\/journal\/publhealth\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>Annual Review of Public Health<\/em><\/a>, 2003, Vol. 24, pp. 413-33<\/p>\n<div id='MMC-Clear' class='widgets_on_page wop_tiny1  wop_small1  wop_medium1  wop_large1  wop_wide1'>\n\t\t\t<ul><li id=\"custom_html-81\" class=\"widget_text widget widget_custom_html\"><div class=\"textwidget custom-html-widget\"><a title=\"Clear-writing workshop, a mini master class\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/corporate-communications-training\/mini-master-classes-home\/clear-writing-course\/\" target=\"\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/clear-writing-training-mmc.png\" alt=\"Clear-writing workshop, a mini master class\" title=\"Clear-writing workshop, a mini master class\" width=\"auto\" height=\"auto\" border=\"0\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 250px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 250\/250;float:left; text-align:left; margin: 0 auto; margin-right: 10px; margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 18x; line-height: 22px; padding: 0px; color: #FFFFFF; max-width:100%; max-height:100%;\" class=\"img-max lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/clear-writing-training-mmc.png\" alt=\"Clear-writing workshop, a mini master class\" title=\"Clear-writing workshop, a mini master class\" width=\"auto\" height=\"auto\" border=\"0\" style=\"float:left; text-align:left; margin: 0 auto; margin-right: 10px; margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 18x; line-height: 22px; padding: 0px; color: #FFFFFF; max-width:100%; max-height:100%;\" class=\"img-max\"><\/noscript><\/a><h3>Reach more readers with tight writing<\/h3>\r\n\t\r\n<p>Would your piece be twice as good if it were half as long? Yes, say readability experts.<\/p>\r\n\t\r\n<p>So how long should your message be? Your paragraphs? Your sentences? Your words? What reading ease level should you hit?<\/p>\r\n\t\r\n<p>Learn how to write clearer, more concise messages at our <a title=\"Clear-writing workshop, a mini master class\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/corporate-communications-training\/mini-master-classes-home\/clear-writing-course\/\" target=\"\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>clear-writing course<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"btn btn--depth\" style=\"text-align: center;  margin: 10px 0 20px; width:100%;\"><a id=\"btnTT\" style=\"\" title=\"BOOK NOW\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/corporate-communications-training\/mini-master-classes-home\/clear-writing-course\/\" target=\"\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-width=\"91\">BOOK NOW<\/a>\r\n<!-- [if mso]>\r\n<p style=\"line-height:0;margin:0;\"><v:roundrect xmlns:v=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/corporate-communications-training\/mini-master-classes-home\/clear-writing-course\/\" style=\"width:153px\" arcsize=\"8%\" 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decision-making<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":25678,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[48],"tags":[31,37],"class_list":{"0":"post-5533","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-metaphor","8":"tag-persuasive-writing","9":"tag-statistics","10":"entry"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.4 (Yoast SEO v23.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What\u2019s the effect of statistics in persuasive writing?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Visual aids: The 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