{"id":31513,"date":"2023-01-01T10:52:18","date_gmt":"2023-01-01T14:52:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/?p=31513"},"modified":"2023-02-20T07:35:58","modified_gmt":"2023-02-20T11:35:58","slug":"how-to-write-an-extended-metaphor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/2023\/01\/how-to-write-an-extended-metaphor\/","title":{"rendered":"How to write an extended metaphor"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>The gift that keeps on giving<\/h2>\n<p>Quick! Which is more effective?<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_31514\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-31514\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"31514\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/2023\/01\/how-to-write-an-extended-metaphor\/how-to-write-an-extended-metaphor\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/how-to-write-an-extended-metaphor.png\" data-orig-size=\"450,300\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"how-to-write-an-extended-metaphor\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Extend that metaphor&lt;\/strong&gt; Extended metaphors are twice as effective as simple metaphors. To write an extended metaphor, dig into your base. &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.shutterstock.com\/image-photo\/megaphone-shadow-on-isolated-background-art-2063697719&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Image by svetazi&lt;\/em&gt;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/how-to-write-an-extended-metaphor-300x200.png\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/how-to-write-an-extended-metaphor.png\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/how-to-write-an-extended-metaphor.png\" alt=\"How to write an extended metaphor\" title=\"How to write an extended metaphor\" width=\"450\" height=\"300\" class=\"size-full wp-image-31514 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/how-to-write-an-extended-metaphor.png 450w, https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/how-to-write-an-extended-metaphor-300x200.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 450px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 450\/300;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"31514\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/2023\/01\/how-to-write-an-extended-metaphor\/how-to-write-an-extended-metaphor\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/how-to-write-an-extended-metaphor.png\" data-orig-size=\"450,300\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"how-to-write-an-extended-metaphor\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Extend that metaphor&lt;\/strong&gt; Extended metaphors are twice as effective as simple metaphors. To write an extended metaphor, dig into your base. &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.shutterstock.com\/image-photo\/megaphone-shadow-on-isolated-background-art-2063697719&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Image by svetazi&lt;\/em&gt;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/how-to-write-an-extended-metaphor-300x200.png\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/how-to-write-an-extended-metaphor.png\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/how-to-write-an-extended-metaphor.png\" alt=\"How to write an extended metaphor\" title=\"How to write an extended metaphor\" width=\"450\" height=\"300\" class=\"size-full wp-image-31514\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/how-to-write-an-extended-metaphor.png 450w, https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/how-to-write-an-extended-metaphor-300x200.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><\/noscript><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-31514\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Extend that metaphor<\/strong> Extended metaphors are twice as effective as simple metaphors. To write an extended metaphor, dig into your base. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shutterstock.com\/es\/image-photo\/man-carries-large-gift-box-art-2221141597\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><em>Image by svetazi<\/em><\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>A simple metaphor?<\/p>\n<h5>Bobby Holloway says my imagination is a three-hundred-ring circus.<\/h5>\n<h6>\u2014 Dean Koontz in <em>Seize the Night<\/em><\/h6>\n<p>Or an extended metaphor?<\/p>\n<h5>Bobby Holloway says my imagination is a three-hundred-ring circus. Currently I was in ring two hundred and ninety-nine, with elephants dancing and clowns cart wheeling and tigers leaping through rings of fire. The time had come to step back, leave the main tent, go buy some popcorn and a Coke, bliss out, cool down.<\/h5>\n<h6>\u2014 Dean Koontz in <em>Seize the Night<\/em><\/h6>\n<p>The extended metaphor \u2014 one that continues through a series of sentences \u2014 is nearly twice as persuasive as a simple metaphor, according to Pradeep Sopory and James Price Dillard\u2019s review of 50 years of research.<\/p>\n<p>So extend your metaphors.<\/p>\n<h3>Proper investment advice is like bespoke tailoring.<\/h3>\n<p>When I was editing a mutual fund company\u2019s marketing magazine, we decided to compare customized investment advice to bespoke tailoring.<\/p>\n<p>We could sustain that from the headline \u2026<\/p>\n<h5 class=\"standalone\">Perfect fit<\/h5>\n<p>\u2026 through the deck \u2026<\/p>\n<h5 class=\"standalone\">One size never really does fit all. Here\u2019s how to tailor your portfolio to your own needs and dreams<\/h5>\n<p>\u2026 through the subheads \u2026<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center; font-weight: bold;\">Measure twice, cut once<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center; font-weight: bold;\">Tailored fit<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center; font-weight: bold;\">Start with these patterns<\/p>\n<p>\u2026 through subtle references throughout the article \u2026<\/p>\n<div class=\"excerptbox\" style=\"border:1px solid black;\">Your friend\u2019s sartorial splendor might well be baggy around the collar on you. The perfect portfolio for you is one that meets your own needs, takes into account your comfort with risk and helps you achieve your dreams.<\/p>\n<p>\u2026<\/p>\n<p>Ready-to-wear models that split your ideal allocation into stock and bond slices depending on your age are a starting point. But the perfect portfolio isn\u2019t just about how old you are. After all, if you ask 10 people where they want to be in 10 years, you\u2019ll get 10 answers.<\/p>\n<p>\u2026<\/p>\n<p>A more tailored approach meets a broad range of needs and takes advantage of the diverse array of investment options \u2014 from blue chips to emerging markets \u2014 in proportions that make sense at your stage.<\/p><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/2023\/01\/metaphor-research\/\">See Ann\u2019s extended metaphor on horseback racing<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>How to write an extended metaphor<\/h3>\n<p>So how do you write an extended metaphor?<\/p>\n<p>First, you need to understand the mathematics of metaphor. The math behind this literary device is simple:<\/p>\n<h5 class=\"standalone\">X = Y.<\/h5>\n<p>Meaning passes from the base to the target, from Y to X. In \u201cRomeo and Juliet,\u201d William Shakespeare writes:<\/p>\n<h5 class=\"standalone\">Juliet is the sun.<\/h5>\n<p>Or:<\/p>\n<h5>X [Juliet] is Y [the sun].<\/h5>\n<p>Metaphor links X to Y:<\/p>\n<h5 class=\"standalone\">X is the target.<\/h5>\n<h5 class=\"standalone\">Y is the base.<\/h5>\n<p>Then extend your metaphor by exploring the base. Here\u2019s how:<\/p>\n<h4><strong>1. Choose your base.<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\u201cIf you want to try an extended metaphor, think carefully about your comparison entity,\u201d writes Nancy Kress in <em>Writer\u2019s Digest<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cChoose something that is specific and concrete, like a diamond. Then jot down three or more similarities between that and your original object or situation. Finally, describe the latter in terms of the former, playing with the actual words until the comparisons are both clear and enlightening.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The sun, maybe.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>2. Explore your base.<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Now delve deeper into the base to find more specific elements:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Light<\/li>\n<li>East<\/li>\n<li>Moon<\/li>\n<li>Etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><strong>3. Compare your topic to these elements.<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Now construct metaphors comparing your topic to the items on your list. Here\u2019s Shakespeare:<\/p>\n<h5 class=\"standalone\">But soft! What light through yonder window breaks?<\/h5>\n<h5 class=\"standalone\">It is the east, and Juliet is the sun.<\/h5>\n<h5 class=\"standalone\">Arise, fair sun, and kill the envious moon,<\/h5>\n<h5 class=\"standalone\">Who is already sick and pale with grief \u2026<\/h5>\n<h3>Extend metaphors like William Shakespeare<\/h3>\n<p>See how Emily Dickinson extends her base, a bird, in \u201cHope Is a Thing With Feathers\u201d:<\/p>\n<h5 class=\"standalone\">\u201cHope\u201d is the thing with feathers \u2014<\/h5>\n<h5 class=\"standalone\">That perches in the soul \u2014<\/h5>\n<h5 class=\"standalone\">And sings the tune without the words \u2014<\/h5>\n<h5 class=\"standalone\">And never stops \u2014 at all \u2014<\/h5>\n<h5 class=\"standalone\">And sweetest \u2014 in the Gale \u2014 is heard \u2014<\/h5>\n<h5 class=\"standalone\">And sore must be the storm \u2014<\/h5>\n<h5 class=\"standalone\">That could abash the little Bird<\/h5>\n<h5 class=\"standalone\">That kept so many warm \u2014<\/h5>\n<p>You\u2019ll see an extended base in Robert Frost\u2019s \u201cThe Road Not Taken\u201d (\u201cTwo roads diverged in a yellow wood \u2026\u201d) And in <em>Animal Farm<\/em> by George Orwell. In fact, you\u2019ll find this literary device in all of the best writing.<\/p>\n<p>Why not yours?<\/p>\n<h3>Caravaggio is like chiaroscuro.<\/h3>\n<p>In <a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Caravaggio-A-Life-Sacred-Profane\/dp\/0393081494\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><em>Caravaggio: A Life Sacred and Profane<\/em><\/a>, Andrew Graham-Dixon compares the artist to the chiaroscuro \u2014 the lightest lights and darkest darks \u2014 of his paintings. Notice how the author explores the base to extend the metaphor:<\/p>\n<h5 class=\"standalone\">He was one of the most electrifyingly original artists ever to have lived \u2026<\/h5>\n<h5 class=\"standalone\">He lived much of his life as a fugitive, and that is how he is preserved in history \u2014 a man on the run, heading for the hills, keeping to the shadows.<\/h5>\n<h5 class=\"standalone\">But he is caught, now and again, by the sweeping beam of a searchlight.<\/h5>\n<h5 class=\"standalone\">His youth is the least documented period of his existence \u2014 the darkest time, in every sense, of this life of light and darkness.<\/h5>\n<h5 class=\"standalone\">But in its shadows may be found some of the most important clues to the formation of his turbulent personality.<\/h5>\n<div class=\"excerptbox\" style=\"border:1px solid black;\">Suddenly here is Caravaggio, caught in the flashbulb glare of a barber\u2019s memory: \u201cThis painter is a stocky young man, about twenty or twenty-five years old, with a thin black beard, thick eyebrows and black eyes, who goes dressed all in black, in a rather disorderly fashion, wearing black hose that is a little bit threadbare, and who has a thick head of hair, long over his forehead.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u2026<\/p>\n<p>Bellori, echoing Vasari\u2019s idea that artists resemble their own work, wrote that \u201cCaravaggio\u2019s style corresponded to his physiognomy and appearance; he had a dark complexion and dark eyes, and his eyebrows and hair were black; this colouring was naturally reflected in his paintings \u2026 driven by his own nature, he retreated to the dark style that is connected to his disturbed and contentious temperament.\u201d<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: center; font-weight: bold;\">How can you explore your base to extend your metaphor?<\/p>\n<p>____<\/p>\n<p>Sources: James Geary, \u201cMetaphorically Speaking,\u201d TedTalks, July 2009<\/p>\n<p>*Nancy Kress, \u201cO My Luve\u2019s Like A Red, Red Rose,\u201d <em>Writer\u2019s Digest<\/em>, February 2000<\/p>\n<p>George Lakoff and Mark Johnson, <em>Metaphors We Live By<\/em>, University of Chicago Press, 2003<\/p>\n<p>Pradeep Sopory and James P. Dillard, \u201cThe Persuasive Effects of Metaphor: A Meta-Analysis,\u201d <em>Human Communication Research<\/em>, July 2002<\/p>\n<div id='MC-AOS-MP' class='widgets_on_page wop_tiny1  wop_small1  wop_medium1  wop_large1  wop_wide1'>\n\t\t\t<ul><li id=\"custom_html-40\" class=\"widget_text widget widget_custom_html\"><div class=\"textwidget custom-html-widget\"><a title=\"Master the Art of Storytelling - Ann Wylie's creative-content workshop\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/corporate-communications-training\/writing-classes\/business-storytelling-training\/\" target=\"\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/storytelling-workshop.png\" alt=\"Master the Art of Storytelling - Ann Wylie's creative-content workshop\" title=\"Master the Art of Storytelling - Ann Wylie's creative-content workshop\" width=\"auto\" height=\"auto\" border=\"0\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 250px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 250\/250;float:left; text-align:left; margin: 0 auto; margin-right: 10px; margin-top: 1px; margin-bottom: 5px; background-color: #ffffff; font-size: 18x; line-height: 22px; padding: 0px; color: #FFFFFF; max-width:100%; max-height:100%;\" class=\"img-max lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/storytelling-workshop.png\" alt=\"Master the Art of Storytelling - Ann Wylie's creative-content workshop\" title=\"Master the Art of Storytelling - Ann Wylie's creative-content workshop\" width=\"auto\" height=\"auto\" border=\"0\" style=\"float:left; text-align:left; margin: 0 auto; margin-right: 10px; margin-top: 1px; margin-bottom: 5px; background-color: #ffffff; font-size: 18x; line-height: 22px; padding: 0px; color: #FFFFFF; max-width:100%; max-height:100%;\" class=\"img-max\"><\/noscript><\/a><h3>How can you tell better business stories?<\/h3>\r\n<p>Stories are so effective that Og Mandino, the late author of the bestselling <em>The Greatest Salesman in the World<\/em>, says, \u201cIf you have a point, find a story.\u201d<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>Learn to find, develop and write stories that engage readers\u2019 hearts and minds at <a title=\"Master the Art of Storytelling - Ann Wylie's creative-content workshop\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/corporate-communications-training\/writing-classes\/business-storytelling-training\/\" target=\"\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Master the Art of Storytelling<\/strong><\/a>, our content-writing training workshop.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>There, you\u2019ll learn how to find the aha! moment that\u2019s the gateway to every anecdote. How to start an anecdote with a bang \u2014 instead of a whimper. And how to use \u201cthe most powerful form of human communication\u201d to grab attention, boost credibility, make messages more memorable and communicate better.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"btn btn--depth\" style=\"text-align: center;  margin: 10px 0 20px; width:100%;\"><a id=\"btnTT\" style=\"\" title=\"BOOK NOW\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/corporate-communications-training\/writing-classes\/business-storytelling-training\/\" target=\"\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-width=\"91\">BOOK NOW<\/a>\r\n<!-- [if mso]>\r\n<p style=\"line-height:0;margin:0;\"><v:roundrect xmlns:v=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/corporate-communications-training\/writing-classes\/business-storytelling-training\/\" style=\"width:153px\" arcsize=\"8%\" strokecolor=\"#D96237\" filled=\"t\"><v:fill type=\"gradient\" angle=\"180\" color=\"#f16522\" color2=\"#f16522\"><\/v:fill><v:textbox style=\"mso-fit-shape-to-text:t\" inset=\"0px,11px,0px,11px\"><center style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:24px;color:#FFFFFF;font-family:sans-serif;font-weight:bold;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-text-raise:4px\">BOOK NOW<\/center><\/v:textbox><\/v:roundrect><\/p>\r\n<![endif]--><\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/li><\/ul><\/div><!-- widgets_on_page -->\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The gift that keeps on giving<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":31514,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[48],"tags":[240,47],"class_list":{"0":"post-31513","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-metaphor","8":"tag-headlines","9":"tag-metaphor","10":"entry"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.4 (Yoast SEO v23.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How to write an extended metaphor<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Extend that metaphor: Extended metaphors are twice as effective as simple metaphors. 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