{"id":24586,"date":"2023-10-06T13:51:30","date_gmt":"2023-10-06T17:51:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/?p=24586"},"modified":"2023-10-09T12:48:19","modified_gmt":"2023-10-09T16:48:19","slug":"reading-from-screen-vs-paper","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/2023\/10\/reading-from-screen-vs-paper\/","title":{"rendered":"How reading from screen vs. paper affects your brain"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>People find it difficult to concentrate online<\/h2>\n<p>Most Americans spend at least 8.5 hours a day looking at a screen, whether a TV set, computer monitor or mobile device, according to\u00a0a study by Ball State University. Frequently, we use two or three of these devices at once.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32809\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32809\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"32809\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/2023\/10\/reading-from-screen-vs-paper\/reading-from-screen-vs-paper-affects-your-brain\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/reading-from-screen-vs-paper-affects-your-brain.png\" data-orig-size=\"450,300\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"reading-from-screen-vs-paper-affects-your-brain\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Driven to distraction online &lt;\/strong&gt;Screen reading reduces comprehension, reading speed and more. &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.shutterstock.com\/image-photo\/human-brain-gears-on-white-background-1229565490&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Image by GAS-photo&lt;\/em&gt;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/reading-from-screen-vs-paper-affects-your-brain-300x200.png\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/reading-from-screen-vs-paper-affects-your-brain.png\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/reading-from-screen-vs-paper-affects-your-brain.png\" alt=\"Reading from screen vs. paper\" title=\"Reading from screen vs. paper\" width=\"450\" height=\"300\" class=\"size-full wp-image-32809 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/reading-from-screen-vs-paper-affects-your-brain.png 450w, https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/reading-from-screen-vs-paper-affects-your-brain-300x200.png 300w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 450px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 450\/300;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" data-attachment-id=\"32809\" data-permalink=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/2023\/10\/reading-from-screen-vs-paper\/reading-from-screen-vs-paper-affects-your-brain\/\" data-orig-file=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/reading-from-screen-vs-paper-affects-your-brain.png\" data-orig-size=\"450,300\" data-comments-opened=\"1\" data-image-meta=\"{&quot;aperture&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;credit&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;camera&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;caption&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;created_timestamp&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;copyright&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;focal_length&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;iso&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;shutter_speed&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;orientation&quot;:&quot;0&quot;}\" data-image-title=\"reading-from-screen-vs-paper-affects-your-brain\" data-image-description=\"\" data-image-caption=\"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Driven to distraction online &lt;\/strong&gt;Screen reading reduces comprehension, reading speed and more. &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/www.shutterstock.com\/image-photo\/human-brain-gears-on-white-background-1229565490&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;noopener noreferrer&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Image by GAS-photo&lt;\/em&gt;&lt;\/a&gt;&lt;\/p&gt;\n\" data-medium-file=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/reading-from-screen-vs-paper-affects-your-brain-300x200.png\" data-large-file=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/reading-from-screen-vs-paper-affects-your-brain.png\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/reading-from-screen-vs-paper-affects-your-brain.png\" alt=\"Reading from screen vs. paper\" title=\"Reading from screen vs. paper\" width=\"450\" height=\"300\" class=\"size-full wp-image-32809\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/reading-from-screen-vs-paper-affects-your-brain.png 450w, https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/reading-from-screen-vs-paper-affects-your-brain-300x200.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><\/noscript><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32809\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Driven to distraction online <\/strong>Screen reading reduces comprehension, reading speed and more. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.shutterstock.com\/image-photo\/human-brain-gears-on-white-background-1229565490\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>Image by GAS-photo<\/em><\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>That\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/revvingupreadership.com\/2010\/06\/multitasking-is-a-myth\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">multitasking costs<\/a>. According to a study by Stanford University,\u00a0heavy multitaskers:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Are more easily distracted<\/strong>\u00a0by \u201cirrelevant environmental stimuli\u201d<\/li>\n<li><strong>Can recall much less<\/strong>\u00a0of what they\u2019ve just learned<\/li>\n<li><strong>Are much\u00a0less able to concentrate<\/strong>\u00a0on the task at hand<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Now, where was I going with this?\u00a0Oh, yes.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe net is, by design, an interruption system, a machine geared for dividing attention,\u201d writes Nicholas Carr in\u00a0<em>The Shallows: What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>As we \u201cpower browse\u201d a dozen web pages at once,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/eprints.gla.ac.uk\/14116\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">check our email 30 or 40 times an hour<\/a>\u00a0and text while driving, we become \u201cdistracted from distraction by distraction.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>So don\u2019t count on your web visitors being all there when they show up on your web page.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cPsychological research long ago proved what most of us know from experience: frequent interruptions scatter our thoughts, weaken our memory, and make us tense and anxious,\u201d Carr writes. \u201cThe more complex the train of thought we\u2019re involved in, the greater the impairment the distractions cause.\u201d<\/p>\n<h3>Links limit learning.<\/h3>\n<p>One study at Utah State University tested that theory. Mechanical and manufacturing engineering students studied machining lessons via:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Linear web pages<\/strong>, where students clicked to move to the next page, like turning the pages in a book<\/li>\n<li><strong>Linked web pages<\/strong>, where students navigated links on a page to decide which page to visit next<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The results?<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Linear learning was faster.\u00a0<\/strong>Students using the linear lessons finished their studies in half the time that students using the linked module required.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Linked learning was less effective.\u00a0<\/strong>Students using the module with links missed 33% more questions on a test than those using the linear web pages. Even simple linking was enough to reduce student scores by two grade points.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Average learners struggled more with links.\u00a0<\/strong>A-level students performed equally well with either module. But B- and C-level students fared much worse with the linked pages than with the linear module.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Why? A printed page communicates its argument line by line. That delivers a more coherent view of the world than do short chunks of hyperlinked text.<\/p>\n<p>Plus, navigating\u00a0links may divert mental energy\u00a0that people might otherwise spend understanding complex information.<\/p>\n<h3>Screen reading cuts comprehension.<\/h3>\n<p>When 1 million North Carolina middle-school students received computers and internet access from 2000 to 2005,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.urban.org\/research\/publication\/scaling-digital-divide-home-computer-technology-and-student-achievement\"target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">their math and reading scores declined<\/a>, found Duke University economists Jacob Vigdor and Helen Ladd.<\/p>\n<p>The reason: They were distracted by the web. (Hey, given the choice between spending the afternoon solving fraction problems or spending it on\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/dumbwaystodie.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">DumbWaysToDie<\/a>, I\u2019d go for the website, too!)<\/p>\n<p>The web\u2019s interactive nature\u00a0also makes the medium harder to understand. After all,\u00a0it\u2019s not easy to focus on the text when you\u2019re also clicking and navigating.<\/p>\n<p>When participants in one study read Elizabeth Bowen\u2019s \u201cThe Demon Lover\u201d in hypertext, for instance, three-quarters had trouble following the story,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/journals.tdl.org\/jodi\/index.php\/jodi\/article\/view\/35\/37\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">according to researchers David S. Miall and Teresa Dobson<\/a>. Just one in 10 who read linear text struggled to understand the story.<\/p>\n<p>The reason? The web readers\u2019 attention, Miall and Dobson said, \u201cwas directed toward the machinery of the hypertext and its functions rather than to the experience offered by the story.\u201d<\/p>\n<h3>More so on mobile<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/2022\/04\/reading-on-mobile\/\">These problems are multiplied when people read on mobile devices<\/a>. Mobile web visitors pay less attention to your message, spend less time on it, read more slowly, understand less, remember less and are less likely to act on your call to action.<\/p>\n<h3>The communicator\u2019s bottom line?<\/h3>\n<p>This is just one more reminder that humans \u2014 adults as well as kids \u2014\u00a0get distracted when reading your messages online.<\/p>\n<p>The solution? <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/writing-tips\/writing-for-the-web-and-mobile\/above-the-fold\/\">get to the point faster<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/writing-tips\/writing-for-the-web-and-mobile\/content-structure-for-web-pages\/\" target=\"\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">organize better<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/writing-tips\/writing-for-the-web-and-mobile\/website-readability\/\">make it easier to read<\/a> and more <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/writing-tips\/writing-for-the-web-and-mobile\/how-users-read-on-the-web\/\">skimmable<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>____<\/p>\n<p>Sources: Nicholas Carr,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Shallows-What-Internet-Doing-Brains\/dp\/0393072223\/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1282319967&amp;sr=1-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>The Shallows: What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains<\/em><\/a>, W. W. Norton &amp; Company, 2010<\/p>\n<p>Christine Hailey, \u201cHypermedia, multimedia and reader cognition: an empirical study,\u201d\u00a0<em>Technical Communication,<\/em>\u00a0Aug. 1, 1998<\/p>\n<div id='MC-WFWM-OVW' class='widgets_on_page wop_tiny1  wop_small1  wop_medium1  wop_large1  wop_wide1'>\n\t\t\t<ul><li id=\"custom_html-37\" class=\"widget_text widget widget_custom_html\"><div class=\"textwidget custom-html-widget\"><a title=\"Reach Readers Online \u2014 our web-writing workshop\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/corporate-communications-training\/writing-classes\/web-writing-workshop\/\" target=\"\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/web-writing-training.png\" alt=\"Reach Readers Online \u2014 our web-writing workshop\" title=\"Reach Readers Online \u2014 our web-writing workshop\" width=\"auto\" height=\"auto\" border=\"0\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 250px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 250\/250;float:left; text-align:left; margin: 0 auto; margin-right: 10px; margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #ffffff; font-size: 18x; line-height: 22px; padding: 0px; color: #FFFFFF; max-width:100%; max-height:100%;\" class=\"img-max lazyload\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\"><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/web-writing-training.png\" alt=\"Reach Readers Online \u2014 our web-writing workshop\" title=\"Reach Readers Online \u2014 our web-writing workshop\" width=\"auto\" height=\"auto\" border=\"0\" style=\"float:left; text-align:left; margin: 0 auto; margin-right: 10px; margin-top: 2px; margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #ffffff; font-size: 18x; line-height: 22px; padding: 0px; color: #FFFFFF; max-width:100%; max-height:100%;\" class=\"img-max\"><\/noscript><\/a><h3>How can you reach readers on smartphones?<\/h3>\r\n<p>More than half of your audience members now receive your emails, visit your web pages and engage with your social media channels via their mobile devices, not their laptops.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>Problem is, people spend half as long looking at web pages on their mobile devices than they do on their desktops. They read 20% to 30% slower online. And it\u2019s 48% harder to understand information on a smartphone than a laptop.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>In this environment, how can you reach readers online?<\/p>\r\n\t\r\n<p>Learn how to overcome the obstacles of reading on the small screen at <a title=\"Reach Readers Online \u2014 our web-writing workshop\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/corporate-communications-training\/writing-classes\/web-writing-workshop\/\" target=\"\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Reach Readers Online<\/strong><\/a> \u2014 our web-writing workshop. You\u2019ll master a four-part system for getting the word out on mobile devices.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<div class=\"btn btn--depth\" style=\"text-align: center;  margin: 10px 0 20px; width:100%;\"><a id=\"btnTT\" style=\"\" title=\"BOOK NOW\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/corporate-communications-training\/writing-classes\/web-writing-workshop\/\" target=\"\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-width=\"91\">BOOK NOW<\/a>\r\n<!-- [if mso]>\r\n<p style=\"line-height:0;margin:0;\"><v:roundrect xmlns:v=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wyliecomm.com\/corporate-communications-training\/writing-classes\/web-writing-workshop\/\" style=\"width:153px\" arcsize=\"8%\" strokecolor=\"#D96237\" filled=\"t\"><v:fill type=\"gradient\" angle=\"180\" color=\"#f16522\" color2=\"#f16522\"><\/v:fill><v:textbox style=\"mso-fit-shape-to-text:t\" inset=\"0px,11px,0px,11px\"><center 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online<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":32809,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[54],"tags":[267,207],"class_list":{"0":"post-24586","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-web-writing","8":"tag-reduce-comprehension","9":"tag-screen-reading","10":"entry"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.4 (Yoast SEO v23.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>How reading from screen vs. paper affects your brain<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Driven to distraction 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